https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36686 61 -butyric acid methyl ester, P3HT:[6,6]-phenyl-C₇₁ -butyric acid methyl ester, and P3HT:indene-C₆₀ bisadduct. We show that the relative contribution of light harvesting and photocurrent generation by the fullerene component is greater than that previously considered and can rise to as high as 30% of the total photocurrent generated by the binary blend system.]]> Wed 24 Jun 2020 10:04:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16998 Wed 20 Jan 2021 17:35:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51668 Wed 14 Feb 2024 15:32:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17003 Wed 11 Apr 2018 19:07:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17023 Wed 11 Apr 2018 17:06:45 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:16996 71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₀BM). We have investigated the lateral morphology using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), the vertical morphology using dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (d-SIMS) and variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE), and the surface composition using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). The lateral phase-separated domains observed in films spincoated from single solvents, increase in size with increasing solvent vapour pressure and decreasing PC₇₀BM solubility, but are not observed when 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) is added. A strongly TQ1-enriched surface layer is formed in all TQ1:PC₇₀BM blend films and rationalized by surface energy differences. The photocurrent and power conversion efficiency strongly increased upon the addition of CN, while the leakage current decreased by one to two orders of magnitude. The higher photocurrent correlates with the finer lateral structure and stronger TQ1-enrichment at the interface with the electron-collecting electrode. This indicates that the charge transport and collection are not hindered by this polymer-enriched surface layer. Neither the open-circuit voltage nor the series resistance of the devices are sensitive to the differences in morphology.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:49:57 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17020 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:36:03 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17022 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:23:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17010 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:30:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17012 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:35:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17005 61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and P3HT:indene-C₆₀ bisadduct (ICBA) polymer solar cells, with Ca/Al and Ca/Ag cathodes and indium tin oxide/poly(ethylene-dioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate anode have been investigated. Degradation occurs via a combination of three primary pathways: (1) cathodic oxidation, (2) active layer phase segregation, and (3) anodic diffusion. Fully degraded devices were subjected to thermal annealing under inert atmosphere. Degraded solar cells possessing Ca/Ag electrodes were observed to regenerate their performance, whereas solar cells having Ca/Al electrodes exhibited no significant regeneration of device characteristics after thermal annealing. Moreover, the solar cells with a P3HT:ICBA active layer exhibited enhanced regeneration compared to P3HT:PCBM active layer devices as a result of reduced changes to the active layer morphology. Devices combining a Ca/Ag cathode and P3HT:ICBA active layer demonstrated ∼50% performance restoration over several degradation/regeneration cycles.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:49:00 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18776 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:37:58 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17017 2 and active layer thicknesses ranging from 35 to 475 nm were produced using the technique. Active layers of 160 nm were the optimum of thicknesses trialled, achieving typical best efficiencies around 0.4 %. Devices with films thinner than 90 nm did not function due to short-circuiting. The draw-bar coating method has the advantage of allowing controlled deposition of a wide range of film thicknesses with no solution wastage.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:36:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17018 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:33:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54536 Tue 27 Feb 2024 20:42:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34547 alt-naphthalene}):PC₇₁BM ([6,6]-phenyl C₇₁ butyric acid methyl ester) NP system and then compare the thermal stability of NP and BHJ films to the common poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT): phenyl C₆₁ butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM) system. We find that material T_g plays a key role in the superior thermal stability of the PDPP-TNT:PC₇₁BM system; whereas for the P3HT:PC₆₁BM system, domain structure is critical.]]> Tue 26 Mar 2019 13:54:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37662 Tue 09 Mar 2021 18:06:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34668 60 multiadducts (ICxA), through two purification processes: centrifugal and crossflow ultrafiltration. The impact of purification is twofold: firstly, removal of excess sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant from the ink and, secondly, concentration of the photoactive components in the ink. The removal of SDS was studied in detail both by a UV–vis spectroscopy-based method and by surface tension measurements of the nanoparticle ink filtrate; revealing that centrifugal ultrafiltration removed SDS at a higher rate than crossflow ultrafiltration even though a similar filter was applied in both cases (10,000 Da M_w cut-off). The influence of SDS concentration on the aqueous solar nanoparticle (ASNP) inks was investigated by monitoring the surface morphology/topography of the ASNP films using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photovoltaic device performance as a function of ultrafiltration (decreasing SDS content). The surface morphology/topography showed, as expected, a decreased number of SDS crystallites on the surface of the ASNP film with increased ultrafiltration steps. The device performance revealed distinct peaks in efficiency with ultrafiltration: centrifuge purified inks reached a maximum efficiency at a dilution factor of 7.8 × 10⁴, while crossflow purified inks did not reach a maximum efficiency until a dilution factor of 6.1 × 10⁹. This difference was ascribed to the different wetting properties of the prepared inks and was further corroborated by surface tension measurements of the ASNP inks which revealed that the peak efficiencies for both methods occurred for similar surface tension values of 48.1 and 48.8 mN m⁻¹. This work demonstrates that addressing the surface tension of large-volume ASNP inks is key to the reproducible fabrication of nanoparticle photovoltaic devices.]]> Tue 03 Sep 2019 17:59:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40661 Thu 28 Jul 2022 11:59:38 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48881 Thu 13 Apr 2023 10:00:08 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:12495 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:17:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:10424 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:12:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20718 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:06:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17550 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19928 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:47 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19913 w=5–72 kg mol⁻¹). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to support the STXM data. We find that unannealed P3HT:PCBM nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a common core–shell morphology, with a PCBM-rich core and P3HT-rich shell. The morphology of the thermally annealed NP films is highly dependent upon the molecular weight of the P3HT and is determined by PCBM diffusion through the P3HT matrix. Two PCBM diffusion mechanisms operate within this system: (1) at high molecular weights diffusion of molecular PCBM dominates whilst, (2) at low molecular weights diffusion of the PCBM cores is significant. The Stokes–Einstein continuum model for diffusion has been used to determine a threshold molecular weight at which the diffusion of PCBM cores is activated in these films. The calculated value (M_w~38–25 kg mol⁻¹) is shown to agree very well with experimental observations. Finally, a model for the morphological evolution of annealed P3HT:PCBM NP films is developed.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19663 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:01:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19827 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:57 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17883 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:56:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21317 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19348 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19398 b)pyrazine) (pC₆TP) and [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) have been prepared and studied as near infra-red (NIR) organic photonic devices. Photocurrent contributions from both components are observed and show a photoresponse down to approximately 1 eV. The performance of the devices as a function of annealing time is investigated. A model for the effect of structure on the NIR response of these devices is developed and highlights the ambipolar nature of pC₆TP as a charge transport material.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19396 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20657 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:49:56 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29631 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:41:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27081 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:40:43 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27964 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26612 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:00 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29716 -3. By applying the critical radius of nucleation for PCBM and the Stokes-Einstein equation for mobility of PCBM in a P3HT matrix, a model is developed which explains the formation of both crystallites and aggregates.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:24 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29678 alt-4,9-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-4,9-dihydrodithieno[3,2-c:3′,2′-h][1,5]naphthyridine-5,10-dione). Heterogeneous energy transfer is found to be crucial in the exciton dissociation process of both binary and ternary organic semiconductor systems. Circumstances favoring energy transfer across interfaces allow relaxation of the electronic energy level requirements, meaning that a cascade structure is not required for efficient ternary organic solar cells. We explain how energy transfer can be exploited to eliminate additional energy losses in ternary bulk heterojunction solar cells, thus increasing their open-circuit voltage without loss in short-circuit current. In particular, we show that it is important that the DIBSq is located at the electron donor–acceptor interface; otherwise charge carriers will be trapped in the DIBSq domain or excitons in the DIBSq domains will not be able to dissociate efficiently at an interface. KMC modeling shows that only small amounts of DIBSq (<5% by weight) are needed to achieve substantial performance improvements due to long-range energy transfer.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:32:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30209 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:31:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29999 3/P3HT:ICBA/Ca/Al devices using the three main ISOS standard testing protocols: (a) ISOS-D-1, (b) ISOS-O-1 and (c) ISOS-L-1. We show that: (1) ITO/MoO₃/P3HT:ICBA/Ca/Al devices are more stable than their PEDOT counterparts under the ISOS-D-1 protocol, as has been reported previously. (2) Under the ISOS-O-1 protocol, unencapsulated MoO₃ based devices are more stable than the equivalent PEDOT device but, when encapsulated, the degradation rates of the MoO₃ and PEDOT devices are the same. (3) By contrast, when measured under the ISOS-L protocol, the MoO₃ based devices are either equivalent to (unencapsulated devices) or, indeed, actually degrade faster (encapsulated devices) that their PEDOT counterparts. We demonstrate that these differences arise from the dominant degradation mode changing under the different protocols. As such, this paper highlights that the choice of testing protocol significantly influences the reported stability of OPV devices. In particular, the ISOS-D and ISOS-L protocols do not necessary reflect OPV device performance under actual operating conditions and thus stability measurements using these protocols should be treated with caution.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28252 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30222 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:26:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28349 g) and amorphous nature, compared to the commonly applied semicrystalline polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). This study reports the optimisation of TQ1:PC₇₁BM (phenyl C₇₁ butyric acid methyl ester) NP-OPV device performance by the application of mild thermal annealing treatments in the range of the T_g (sub-T_g and post-T_g), both in the active layer drying stage and post-cathode deposition annealing stage of device fabrication, and an in-depth study of the effect of these treatments on nanoparticle film morphology. In addition, we report a type of morphological evolution in nanoparticle films for OPV active layers that has not previously been observed, that of PC₇₁BM nano-pathway formation between dispersed PC₇₁BM-rich nanoparticle cores, which have the benefit of making the bulk film more conducive to charge percolation and extraction.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26904 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22221 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:17:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23297 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:16:20 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23616 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:13:27 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23598 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24727 SC and efficiency. Overall, this work shows that the nanoparticle approach provides a new experimental lever for morphology control in OPV devices.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:10:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45396 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:39:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52029 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:35:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50649 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:35:00 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44553 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:56:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41684 Mon 29 Jan 2024 17:43:13 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42346 Mon 22 Aug 2022 13:54:26 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18633 Mon 20 Jul 2015 16:45:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41851 Mon 15 Aug 2022 10:38:23 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44176 Mon 10 Oct 2022 10:13:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42241 Fri 26 Aug 2022 09:43:17 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35933 alt-5,10-bis((2-hexyldecyl)oxy)dithieno[3,2-c:3',2'-h][1,5]naphthyridine-2,7-diyl] (PTNT) and fullerene blend utilizing chloroform as well as a non-chlorinated and environmentally benign solvent, o-xylene, as the miniemulsion dispersed phase solvent. The nanoparticles (NPs) in the solid-state film were found to coalesce and offered a smooth surface topography upon thermal annealing. Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) with photoactive layer processed from the nanoparticle dispersions prepared using chloroform as the miniemulsion dispersed phase solvent were found to have a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 1.04%, which increased to 1.65% for devices utilizing NPs prepared from o-xylene. Physical, thermal and optical properties of NPs prepared using both chloroform and o-xylene were systematically studied using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and correlated to their photovoltaic properties. The PL results indicate different morphology of NPs in the solid state were achieved by varying miniemulsion dispersed phase solvent.]]> Fri 19 Jun 2020 12:14:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42295 Fri 19 Aug 2022 14:58:40 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49941 Fri 16 Jun 2023 09:51:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26350 Fri 10 Nov 2023 15:51:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34115 Fri 10 Nov 2023 15:43:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21024 w), was used to prepare P3HT: phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) nanoparticulate organic photovoltaic (NP OPV) devices and the effect of this variation on device performance is reported. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) is observed to peak for the mid-range of molecular weights tested, this behaviour varies from the trend generally observed with bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices, where high molecular weight polymers deliver the highest PCEs. Here we demonstrate that polymer molecular weight affects the electronic, morphological and compositional structure of the nanoparticulate film. Significantly, it is the domain composition that is most highly correlated with device performance and this composition is driven by the PCBM mobility and aggregation within the nanoparticulate structure.]]> Fri 02 Sep 2022 11:14:24 AEST ]]>